Informatics Publishing Limited

Dipesh G. Kamdar ¹, C. H. Vithalani ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Rajkot, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Steganography is art of data hiding within data, the data to be hidden is known as information and data in which the information is hiding is known as cover. The word steganography is of Greek origin which means "concealed writing" from the Greek words steganos meaning "covered or protected", and graphei meaning "writing". In this era, information and cover can be any form of text, speech, image or video. The information can be embedded into the cover using many different ways. The choice of embedding algorithm in most of the cases is driven by results of the steganography output robustness analysis, channel of transmission, security aspect of hiding, etc. In this paper, different LSB (Least Significant Bit) replacement based embedding techniques are implemented over the video file as cover file. The comparative analysis of the different LSB replacement technique for steganography is made using the different algorithms implemented in MATLAB.

Keywords

Steganography, LSB Steganography, Public Key.

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Dipesh G. Kamdar ¹, C. H. Vithalani ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Rajkot, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

The Time Lapse Technique is cinemography technique where by each film frame is captured at much slower rate than it will replay back. When replayed at normal rate, time appears to be moving faster and thus time lapsing. Time lapse technique is very powerful technique to document slowly changing/developing/moving phenomenon. The natural movements like sunrise, blooming of flowers periodic time lapse is used, while for uncertain activities like human activity, birds flying, animal movement etc aperiodic time lapse video is used. One of the classifications of aperiodic time lapse video is differential time lapse video. In differential time lapse video, each frame are compared with previously stored frame, if movement found in the frame than frame is stored and considered as last stored frame, else frame is discarded. The quality of differential time lapse video depends on the frame selection criterion. Edge based motion detection criterion is used here to overcome the limitation of pixel to pixel bit matching based motion detection. In this paper, MATLAB based algorithm is used to generate differential time lapse video with edge based motion detection is used as frame selection criterion.

Keywords

Differential Time Lapse Video, Edge Based Motion Detection Algorithm.

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Navneet S. Ghedia ¹, C. H. Vithalani ², Ashish Kothari ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad – 382424, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, Government Engineering College, Rajkot, Rajkot – 360005, Gujarat, IN
3 EC Department, Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajkot – 360005, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the crowd densities in video scene under different constraints. For the crowded video analysis robust foreground detection methods are required to differentiate between moving or static foreground objects and static or dynamic background. Large number of foreground segmentation or motion segmentation approaches are available but only few can handle the various constraints like illumination variations, dynamic background partial or high level of occlusions. Method: We have proposed a modified Gaussian mixture model using adaptive thresholding. The proposed approach is implemented in MATLAB. Findings: Our proposed approach analyze all the aspects of the various backgrounds and foregrounds modelling and then compared their critical performance in terms of the PR curves and miss rate. The performance evaluation demonstrates considerable improvements in miss rate compared to traditional approaches. Our proposed method also shows significant improvements in Multi Object Detection and in Tracking Accuracy. Application: Our proposed approach analyzes the crowded scenes, especially handles outdoor environment. Optimized model parameters and adaptive thresholding makes it more robust to handle varying light conditions and partial occlusions.

Keywords

Background Model, Crowd Analysis, Foreground Model, Parametric Model.

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Dipesh G. Kamdar ¹, Dolly Patira ², C. H. Vithalani ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, JJ Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu-333001, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of Computer Engineering, VVP Engineering College, Rajkot-360005, Gujarat, IN
3 Department of Electronics and Communication, Government Engineering College, Rajkot-360005, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Digital communication has become an essential part of society. Nowadays, a lot of applications are internet based and it is important that communication be made faithful and secret. Steganography and Cryptography are two popular ways of information exchange in a secret way. Steganography hides the existence of the message and the Cryptography distorts the message itself. Using Cryptography, the data is transformed into some other garbage form and then the encrypted data is transmitted. In steganography, data is embedded in a digital file (cover, normally image or video) and the digital file is transmitted. If secrete message converted to cryptography it will result in garbage form and always comes under suspect to be have a hidden data. If secrete message is hide in other digital cover using steganography, then it might be identified by steganalysis tools. In either ways, weather cryptography or steganography is used, though it is always chance that hidden message is getting detected. In order to make faithful and secure communication, a dual layer hiding technique is proposed in this paper.

Keywords

Steganography, Cryptography, DCT, Public Key, Private Key.

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